How Video Front LoadiHow Video Front Loading lost the judgement

On April Fools Day, 1984, two players in Las Vegasany of the prosecution's case. The only argument to
were arrested at the Marina Casino for using abe made was that the defendants never committed
concealed video camera to peek at the dealer's holethe crime of cheating according to the Nevada
card. This device was yet another of Keith Taft'scheating statutes. Why should Curtas and Minagil
inventions. One player, Keith's brother Ted, wore theargue with the gaming agents' descriptions of the
miniature camera in his belt buckle, while the otherequipment and its usage? The defendants had the law
player, Rodney Weatherford, a Lockheed Engineer,on their side. Curtas had prepared a closing argument
sat in the casino parking lot in the cab of a dump truckin which he intended to acknowledge that the
that had been fitted with a satellite receiving dish.defendants had done exactly what the prosecution
Rodney's job was to watch the video images pickedhad said they had done. Then, he intended to read to
up by the table-top-Ievel camera, in order tothe jury all of the Nevada cheating statutes, one at a
electronically signal Ted at the table with the value oftime, and simply point out that what the defendants in
the dealer's hole card.this case had done did not violate a single statute on
Here's what happened on the court trial: For a fewthe books. He was right. Technically, no crime had
days, the prosecution paraded before the judge andbeen committed.
jury all of the electronics, the video tapes, and theHowever, before the closing arguments, the attorneys
communication devices. They even took everyonehad to meet with the judge in his chambers. When
down to the courthouse garage to examine the oldCurtas came back from the judge's chambers, he
truck with the satellite receiving dish in it. And this waswas steaming mad. The district court judge, the
a 1984 satellite dish, nothing like your home modelHonorable Donald Mosley, had asked both sides to
Direct-TV dish today. It was huge! It looked like agive him a briefing on their proposed closing arguments.
battleship radar scanner!When Curtas described his closing argument to the
Keith was undeniably brilliant. He was the classic madjudge, the judge told him that he would not allow it.
scientist, inventing in his basement laboratory high-techCurtas pled with the judge; he simply wanted to read
devices the likes of which James Bond would bethe law to the jury. The jury, he argued, were not legal
proud to own. He just wanted to take as much moneyexperts, and they did not know the wording of the
out of the casinos as he possibly could by any legalNevada laws against cheating. According to Curtas,
means. Remember, there were no anti-device laws atthe judge said, "I used to be a blackjack dealer, and I
that time, and the Einbinderl Dalben decision thatknow what cheating is. Your client was cheating."
legitimized front-loading as a legal strategy in NevadaSo now, as the defense had forgone their opportunity
had already been rendered. Also, Keith's concealableto present any witnesses, the case was closed. The
"David" blackjack computers were already legallyonly defense Curtas was allowed to present in his
selling in the stores.closing argument was to inform the jury that the
After the prosecution finished presenting the state'sNevada law books would be available to them in the
case-and they had all kinds of gambling experts andjury room, and that they had the right to read the law
gaming agents take the stand to describe the way thefor themselves. The players, needless to say, were
whole thing worked the defence attorneys hadconvicted of felony cheating.
decided not to put either of the defendants on theAnd the state of Nevada, needless to say, realized
stand. They had decided to present no witnesses, butthat it needed a law that would make the use of such
to simply present their closing arguments. Thedevices illegal in casinos, and it needed this law fast.
attorneys, John Curtas and Stephen Minagil, were theThese players had been railroaded to prison without a
same attorneys who had just successfullyfair trial, and the state knew it. There was always a
represented Einbinder and Dalben.possibility that some jury in a similar case in the future
John Curtas, Ted's attorney, explained his legalwould actually read the law and realize that a
strategy. First of all, he did not see any reason todefendant accused of using a device to aid him in
refute the evidence as presented. In fact, themaking decisions at a gaming table violated none of
defendants had done exactly what the prosecutionthe cheating statutes.
said they had done. So, there was no argument about