Music Over Time

Music is the art of combining vocal and/or instrumentalrecords to come out was the 45 made for single
tones in a structured manner.songs.
Music has been around almost as long as the earth isIt took the music industry decades to advance from
old. We can designate medieval music as a beginning,the 45 record to new formats, such as 8-tracks and
although a precise time is impossible because theaudio/cassette tapes. Once they were created it
knowledge of that time period is too vague.seemed as if the industry took off and overnight the
However, in the 1100s large volumes of written,CD (molded plastic disk scanned by a laser beam for
notated polyphony and non-liturgical Latin songs begandigital data) was "born". These, like the record were,
emerging before two major changes began to takeand still are, sold in stores for customers to purchase
place.a) The use of the interval of a third as a stableand take home to play on their CD players. Following
harmony.b) Humanistic orientation to text with music.shortly behind is the Mp3 player(standard technology
These changes took several decades, putting theand format for compressing audio signals into very
beginning of the Renaissance somewhere betweensmall computer files. Sound data from a CD is
the 1420s (harmonies of Dufay) and the 1500scompressed to 1/12 the original size) and ipod (portable
(humanistic texts of Josquin), which brings us to theMp3 player).
beginning of opera in the 1600s. The Renaissance styleNow, the pace has picked up even faster and we can
ended around 1750 and is also among the clearestdownload music right off the internet. In the beginning
divisions of Western music.though, a company (I'm not going to mention any
Sometime in the early 1700s through the late 1800s, thenames) was allowing people to download as many
best known pieces of European Classical music weresongs as they chose for free. But, there was a
written.problem..It was not exactly legal. A computer company
The 1800s was the beginning of a new era, becausenames Apple made the process legitimate by allowing
of a brilliant man by the name of Thomas Edison. Thisthe artists to get paid for their work. The music
man was an exceptional inventor, on 12-6-1877 heindustry now has the opportunity to license and sell it's
finished one of his best inventions...The phonograph andcontent over the internet. The idea that people would
had it patent on 2-19-1878. Now mind you it was apay for downloading music seemed a bit far fetched in
fairly complicated machine, using a metal cylinder withthe beginning. But, music sales have gone down by
tin foil wrapped around it. The machine had twoone-fifth since the millennium and downloads increased
diaphragm-and-needle units, one for recording, and oneto over 500 million by July of 2005.
for playback. When he spoke into a mouthpiece, theA revolution in the music industry was changed
sound vibrations would be indented onto the cylinderdramatically on February 23, 2006 when a 16 year old,
by the recording needle in a vertical groove pattern.Alex Ostrovsky came home and downloaded a song
Edison gave a sketch of the machine to his mechanic,from the Coldplay concert he left just minutes before.
John Kreusi, to build, which Kreusi supposedly did withinAlex down loaded one of the songs for 99 cents from
about 30 hours. Edison immediately tested the machinethe iTunes Music store (which the Apple computer
by speaking the nursery rhyme "Mary had a little lamb"company started less than 3 years ago). Shortly after
into the mouthpiece, and to his amazement, thethat an Apple employee called to let him know he has
machine played his words back to him.just downloaded the ONE BILLIONTH song. For being
Now, we are going to get a little closer to the twentieththe lucky downloader, Apple Computer Company is
century of music in time in the 1900s. Starting in thesending him a $10,000.00 gift card for the iTunes Music
beginning of the 1900s, there were disks (no, not CD'sStore, a 20-inch iMac, 10 ipods, and a scholarship to the
yet) used by recording studios to record music. TheseJuilliard School in New York.
discs called records were then sold in stores forThe "one billionth download" should go to show you
consumers to purchase and take home to play onhow much this industry has taken over the music
their (phonograph) record player. The last of theworld over time!